The Supreme Court of Canada as a “National School Board”: The Charter and Educational Change
Mots-clés :
Supreme Court of Canada, Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, judicial activism, educational policy, constitutional lawRésumé
Depuis l’enchâssement dans la Constitution de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés en 1982, la Cour Suprême commence tranquillement mais de façon toujours plus apparente à assumer un rôle plus actif dans l’adoption de politiques d’enseignement. Si les Canadiens peuvent tirer une leçon de l’expérience constitutionnelle des États-Unis en ce qui concerne l’éducation, c’est que l’imposition de normes « nationales » et de directives aux conseils scolaires locaux risque d’entraîner des changements sociaux et culturels majeurs à tous les niveaux de la société canadienne. Après avoir pris connaissance de l’orientation constitutionnelle actuelle et des développements en jurisprudence et en éducation se rattachant à la Charte, cet article examine les implications pour le système d’éducation canadien du rôle que la Cour suprême commence à jouer et discute de certains avantages et désavantages de la détermination de politiques nationales et d’une intervention judiciaire dans le domaine de l’éducation.
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